THE EFFECT OF PROFIT SHARING RATIO, ZAKAT PERFORMANCE RATIO, AND SHARIA SUPERVISORY BOARD ON THE FINANCIAL PERFORMANCE OF ISLAMIC COMMERCIAL BANKS IN INDONESIA, 2020–2025

Abdur Rahman Hakim; Zulhilmi; Muh Rifai Arsyad

doi:10.61677/count.v4i2.1104

Authors

Abdur Rahman Hakim Accounting Study Program, Faculty of Economics and Business, Universitas Samudra
Zulhilmi Accounting Study Program, Faculty of Economics and Business, Universitas Samudra
Muh Rifai Arsyad Accounting Study Program, Faculty of Economics and Business, Universitas Samudra

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.61677/count.v4i2.1104

Keywords:

Profit sharing ratio, zakat performance ratio, Sharia Supervisory Board, financial performance, Islamic commercial bank.

Abstract

The effects of the Profit Sharing Ratio (PSR), the Zakat Performance Ratio (ZPR), and the size of the Sharia Supervisory Board (SSB) on the financial performance of Indonesian Islamic commercial banks (BUS), represented by Return on Assets (ROA), during 2020–2025. The consolidation of the industry following the consolidation into Bank Syariah Indonesia and the strengthening of Sharia governance regulation through OJK Regulation (POJK) No. 12/2023 and No. 2/2024 provide the contemporary background. A quantitative associative design was applied to secondary panel data from eight BUS over six years (48 observations). Panel regression was used, with the Chow test for model selection, classical assumption tests, and hypothesis testing based on White's HC1 robust standard errors to address heteroscedasticity. The Chow test favored the Common Effect Model (F = 2.225; p = 0.055). PSR, ZPR, and SSB size as a group significantly affect ROA (F = 4.348; p = 0.009; adjusted R² = 17.6%). Partially, ZPR (t = 4.235; p < 0.001) and SSB size (t = 3.336; p = 0.002) have significant positive effects on ROA, whereas PSR has no significant effect (t = -0.487; p = 0.629). These findings indicate that sharia social performance (zakat) and sharia governance are more decisive for Islamic bank profitability than the composition of profit and loss sharing financing in the post-pandemic and post-merger period. The study implies that regulators and BUS management should strengthen the role of the SSB and the transparency of zakat performance to improve financial results.

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