EFFECTIVENESS OF PHYSIOTHERAPY INTERVENTION IN IMPROVING FUNCTIONAL CAPACITY IN A PATIENT WITH PULMONARY EMPHYSEMA: A CASE REPORT
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.61677/jth.v3i1.471Keywords:
COPD, pulmonary emphysema, breathing exercise, nebulizer, active cycle of breathing techniqueAbstract
Pulmonary emphysema merupakan salah satu subtipe dari chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) yang ditandai dengan pelebaran abnormal alveoli secara permanen dan kerusakan dindingnya, mengakibatkan gangguan ventilasi dan penurunan fungsi paru. Studi kasus ini bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi efektivitas intervensi fisioterapi pada pasien laki-laki usia 66 tahun dengan diagnosa pulmonary emphysema di RSUD Dungus Madiun, Evaluasi yang dilakukan yaitu pengukuran derajat sesak napas menggunakan Modified Borg Scale, pengukuran kemampuan fungsional fungsional menggunakan mMRC (modified medical research council scale), pengukuran ekspansi thoraks menggunakan midline, dan saturasi oksigen menggunakan oximeter. Intervensi fisioterapi meliputi pemberian nebulizer (bronchodilator dan anti-inflamasi), breathing control, pursed lip breathing, thoracic expansion exercise, active cycle of breathing technique (ACBT), stretching dan muscle release pada otot bantu napas, serta early mobilization. Hasil studi menunjukkan adanya penurunan derajat sesak napas dari skala 7 menjadi skala 3, peningkatan saturasi oksigen, peningkatan kemampuan fungsional, dan peningkatan ekspansi thoraks secara signifikan. Intervensi tersebut terbukti membantu mengurangi derajat sesak napas, memperbaiki fungsi pernapasan, mengurangi spasme otot bantu napas, serta meningkatkan toleransi aktivitas fisik pasien. Studi ini menegaskan bahwa kombinasi fisioterapi yang tepat dan berkelanjutan dapat memberikan dampak positif pada pemulihan pasien dengan emfisema paru, terutama dalam aspek respirasi dan kapasitas fungsional.
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